02 Earned or Inherited: How Meritocracy Launders Structural Advantage Into Individual Deserving
Meritocracy presents itself as the fairest of all possible systems—a neutral arena where effort and talent determine outcomes. Critical theory, however, reveals it as something far more insidious: a self-sealing ideology that converts inherited privilege into credentialed achievement, then deploys those credentials to justify the very inequalities that produced them. This article traces the conceptual architecture of meritocratic legitimation and the scholars who have most forcefully dismantled